Feeding the brain: effect of nutrients on cognition, synaptic function, and AMPA receptors
Autor/a
Fadó Andrés, Rut
Molins , Anna
Rojas Martín, Rocío
Casals, Nuria
Fecha de publicación
2022ISSN
2072-6643
Resumen
In recent decades, traditional eating habits have been replaced by a more globalized diet, rich in saturated fatty acids and simple sugars. Extensive evidence shows that these dietary factors contribute to cognitive health impairment as well as increase the incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, how these nutrients modulate synaptic function and neuroplasticity is poorly understood. We review the Western, ketogenic, and paleolithic diets for their effects on cognition and correlations with synaptic changes, focusing mainly (but not exclusively) on animal model studies aimed at tracing molecular alterations that may contribute to impaired human cognition. We observe that memory and learning deficits mediated by high-fat/high-sugar diets, even over short exposure times, are associated with reduced arborization, widened synaptic cleft, narrowed post-synaptic zone, and decreased activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, and also observe that these alterations correlate with deregulation of the AMPA-type glutamate ionotropic receptors (AMPARs) that are crucial to neuroplasticity. Furthermore, we explored which diet-mediated mechanisms modulate synaptic AMPARs and whether certain supplements or nutritional interventions could reverse deleterious effects, contributing to improved learning and memory in older people and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
Tipo de documento
Artículo
Versión del documento
Versión publicada
Lengua
English
Materias (CDU)
61 - Medicina
616.8 - Neurología. Neuropatología. Sistema nervioso
Palabras clave
Dieta
Cognició
Memòria
Aprenentatge
Hipocamp
Funció sinàptica
Neuroplasticitat
BDNF
AMPARs
Neurodegeneració
Dieta
Cognición
Memoria
Aprendizaje
Hipocampo
Función sináptica
Neuroplasticidad
BDNF
AMPAR
Neurodegeneración
Diet
Cognition
Memory
Learning
Hippocampus
Synaptic function
Neuroplasticity
BDNF
AMPARs
Neurodegeneration
Páginas
36
Publicado por
MDPI
Colección
14; 19
Publicado en
Nutrients
Citación
Fadó Andrés, Rut; Molins, Anna; Rojas Martín, Rocío [et al.]. Feeding the brain: effect of nutrients on cognition, synaptic function, and AMPA receptors. Nutrients, 2022, 14(19), 4137. Disponible en: <https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4137>. Fecha de acceso: 8 nov. 2022. DOI: 10.3390/nu14194137
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