Feeding the brain: effect of nutrients on cognition, synaptic function, and AMPA receptors
Visualitza/Obre
Autor/a
Fadó Andrés, Rut
Molins , Anna
Rojas Martín, Rocío
Casals, Nuria
Data de publicació
2022ISSN
2072-6643
Resum
In recent decades, traditional eating habits have been replaced by a more globalized diet, rich in saturated fatty acids and simple sugars. Extensive evidence shows that these dietary factors contribute to cognitive health impairment as well as increase the incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, how these nutrients modulate synaptic function and neuroplasticity is poorly understood. We review the Western, ketogenic, and paleolithic diets for their effects on cognition and correlations with synaptic changes, focusing mainly (but not exclusively) on animal model studies aimed at tracing molecular alterations that may contribute to impaired human cognition. We observe that memory and learning deficits mediated by high-fat/high-sugar diets, even over short exposure times, are associated with reduced arborization, widened synaptic cleft, narrowed post-synaptic zone, and decreased activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, and also observe that these alterations correlate with deregulation of the AMPA-type glutamate ionotropic receptors (AMPARs) that are crucial to neuroplasticity. Furthermore, we explored which diet-mediated mechanisms modulate synaptic AMPARs and whether certain supplements or nutritional interventions could reverse deleterious effects, contributing to improved learning and memory in older people and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
Tipus de document
Article
Versió del document
Versió publicada
Llengua
English
Matèries (CDU)
61 - Medicina
616.8 - Neurologia. Neuropatologia. Sistema nerviós
Paraules clau
Dieta
Cognició
Memòria
Aprenentatge
Hipocamp
Funció sinàptica
Neuroplasticitat
BDNF
AMPARs
Neurodegeneració
Dieta
Cognición
Memoria
Aprendizaje
Hipocampo
Función sináptica
Neuroplasticidad
BDNF
AMPAR
Neurodegeneración
Diet
Cognition
Memory
Learning
Hippocampus
Synaptic function
Neuroplasticity
BDNF
AMPARs
Neurodegeneration
Pàgines
36
Publicat per
MDPI
Col·lecció
14; 19
Publicat a
Nutrients
Citació
Fadó Andrés, Rut; Molins, Anna; Rojas Martín, Rocío [et al.]. Feeding the brain: effect of nutrients on cognition, synaptic function, and AMPA receptors. Nutrients, 2022, 14(19), 4137. Disponible en: <https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/4137>. Fecha de acceso: 8 nov. 2022. DOI: 10.3390/nu14194137
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Drets
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